Iodine Deficiency. After conducting a review on sodium research, the Institute of Medicine concluded that reducing sodium intake lowers blood pressure, but evidence of a decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is inconclusive. Mild iron deficiency anemia usually doesn't cause complications. Many people who have or have had family members with hemophilia will ask that their baby boys get tested soon after birth. The rare forms of bleeding disorders account for 3-5% of all bleeding disorders collectively. People who have had weight reduction surgery. Conversely, human disease represents an aberration in normal physiology--something in the body fails to function as it should. Low serum carotene (a precursor of vitamin … Vitamin deficiency anemia is a lack of healthy red blood cells caused when you have lower than normal amounts of certain vitamins. This disease is characterized by a blood circulation disorder, endocardium abnormality and myocardium necrosis. Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) - Prior to 1940 the occurrence of severe neonatal jaundice, without known cause, in succeeding infants born to the same woman, was a relatively uncommon disease, though very well known, icterus gravis familiaris, now universally known as HDN. Many of the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal are related to nutritional deficiency, but those symptoms are masked by the effects of alcohol consumption and are felt only once consumption ceases. Vitamin C. Deficiency of vitamin C can cause scurvy, a disease that is characterised by bleeding gums, skin spots and swelling in joints. This disease is one of a group of metabolic muscle diseases that interferes with the processing of food (in this case, carbohydrates) for energy production. Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD, AAT deficiency) is an inherited condition that increases the risk of lung and liver disease. Anemia occurs when there are not enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to your body’s organs. The most damaging micronutrient deficiencies in the world are the consequence of low dietary intake of iron, vitamin A, iodine and zinc. Other symptoms may include chronic cough, phlegm production, and wheezing. Key Difference – Autoimmune Disease vs Immune Deficiency Let us first briefly regard what is immune system before looking at the difference between autoimmune disease and immune deficiency. Because muscles and neurons supplying muscle cells operate as functional units, disease of both systems can result in muscular atrophy and paralysis. Autoinflammatory Diseases (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases); COVID-19: Weakened Immune System (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish; Flu Vaccine Guidance for Patients with Immune Deficiency (American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology) Also in Spanish; Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy: When You Need … Continue Reading. Primary immune deficiency diseases (PIDDs) are rare, genetic disorders that impair the immune system. Adrenal insufficiency develops when your adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol. Addison’s disease is a rare disorder that affects men and women of all ages. Researchers call it A.I.D., for acquired immunodeficiency disease, or GRID, for gay-related immunodeficiency. Other diseases related to B12 deficiency are muscle and nerve paralysis, extreme fatigue, dementia and depression. Vitamin B12 is available only in animal foods (meat and dairy products) or yeast extracts (such as brewer's yeast). 1. An alternative dosing is: 50,000 IU for infants below 6 months of age. Vitamin D Deficiency Related Diseases & Conditions. Recessive means that both copies of the responsible gene must be have a pathogenic variant to have the condition. Objective: Keshan disease is an endemic cardiomyopathy found in Keshan, north-east China. Alpha-1 may result in serious lung disease in adults and/or liver disease at any age. The disease is characterized by weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue, low blood pressure, and sometimes darkening of the skin in both exposed and non-exposed parts of the body. Low hemoglobin related to blood donation may be a temporary problem remedied by eating more iron-rich foods. Deficiency diseases are the diseases caused due to lack of any essential nutrient in the body. How is marasmus caused? Marasmus is caused by the deficiency of all the nutrients. It leads to loss of muscle and body weight. What is Vitamin C beneficial for? Mitochondria are small structures that produce energy in almost all of your cells. VDD causes a decrease in the absorption of dietary calcium and phosphorus, resulting in an increase in PTH levels. Diagnosis A deficiency disease can be defined as a disease which is caused by the lack of essential nutrients or dietary elements such as vitamins and minerals in the human body. Relationships Between Nutrition, Alcohol Use, and Liver Disease Charles S. Lieber, M.D., M.A.C.P. An increased risk of vitamin A deficiency occurs in: People with illnesses affecting the way food is absorbed from the gut (bowel) into the body. As a result, it’s common to feel cold and symptoms of tiredness or weakness. Cataracts. For example, nutrients normally found in the liver, such as carotenoids, which are the major sources of vitamin A, and vitamin E compounds, are known to be affected by alcohol consumption (18,19). The usual clinical syndrome of myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle disease) is exercise intolerance in young adults. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency leads to an accumulation of toxic purine degradation by-products, most potently affecting lymphocytes, leading to adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency. People who have digestive disorders or do not absorb fat properly (e.g., pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, celiac disease) can develop a vitamin E deficiency. T-cell immunodeficiency diseases include severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia, DiGeorge syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome), immuno-osseous dysplasias, dyskeratosis congenita, and chronic … Blood disease, any disease of the blood, involving the red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets or the tissues in which these elements are formed, as well as disorders of bleeding and blood clotting. When part of the immune system is either absent or not functioning properly, it can result in an immune deficiency disease. Learn more about the health risks and disease related to salt and sodium: Cardiovascular disease. Choose from a list of all endocrine disorders and conditions including diabetes, thyroid disorders and cancer, adrenal disorders, and more. Related Pages. Metabolic disease refers to a group of conditions caused by deficiencies of certain essential nutrients resulting in disturbance of the animal’s normal metabolic processes. Some plant diseases are classified as “abiotic,” or diseases that are non-infectious and include damage from air pollution, nutritional deficiencies or toxicities, and grow under less than optimal conditions. Emphysema is a chronic, usually slowly progressive illness, which most commonly causes shortness of breath. Alcohol use disorder (which includes a level that's sometimes called alcoholism) is a pattern of alcohol use that involves problems controlling your drinking, being preoccupied with alcohol, continuing to use alcohol even when it causes problems, having to drink more to get the same effect, or having withdrawal symptoms when you rapidly decrease or stop drinking. Management. • Iodine: Iodine is a vital nutrient in the body and essential to thyroid function; thyroid hormones are comprised of iodine. Researchers are still working to fully understand how vitamin D works within our body and how it affects our overall health, but it is believed to be a link between vitamin D deficiency to quite a number of ailments: Advertisement. Vitamin B12 deficiency is defined by low levels of stored B12 in the body that can result in Signs of Deficiency. Vitamin A deficiency is the biggest cause of preventable blindness in children worldwide. NIAID researchers discovered the cause of DOCK8 deficiency in 2009. Deficient Parathyroid Hormone Secretion. Specific symptoms vary from case to case. Micronutrient deficiency disease: Xerohthalmia: Nutrient deficiency : Vitamin A deficiency; Bitot's Spot . If you're told that you can't donate blood because of low hemoglobin, ask your doctor whether you should be concerned. Low albumin can result from poor intake, decreased synthesis in cirrhosis, or protein wasting. It occurs in all age groups and afflicts men and women equally. Brain surgery. Although the so-called diseases of civilization—for example, heart disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes—will be the focus of this article, the most significant nutrition-related disease is chronic undernutrition, which plagues more than 925 million people worldwide. Enzyme deficiency results in an inability to metabolize glucose through fructose to lactate. Magnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). Selenium deficiency due to low levels of the mineral in soil is found in northeast China, and it has been associated with Keshan disease, a heart disorder prevalent among people of that area. Skeletal muscle is involved exclusively. A nutritional deficiency occurs when the body doesn’t absorb the necessary amount of a nutrient. What is phosphorylase deficiency (McArdle disease, myophosphorylase deficiency, glycogenosis type 5)? Toxicity. If you can ensure your children have good nutrition, they may not have a deficiency disease. Children are in constant danger of infections from bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Deficiency disease examples: Vitamin B1 deficiency causes beriberi, lack of iron in the body can lead to anaemia. Without enough red blood cells, your tissues and organs don’t get enough oxygen. It is however important to highlight that iron deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease is frequently related to disease activity and severity, and management of the underlying inflammation is required to control the anaemia. All genes, except for those in the Male sex … Complications. The diagnosis of Selective IgA Deficiency is usually suspected because of chronic or recurrent infections, autoimmune diseases, chronic diarrhea or some combination of these problems. For a reader-friendly overview of Vitamin A, see our consumer fact sheet on Vitamin A.. Introduction. To determine whether or not an individual is selenium deficient, blood testing is performed. The treatment for Keshan disease is selenium supplementation. A diet lacking in nutrients may cause a variety of unpleasant symptoms. Cachexia is a condition that includes protein deficiency, deficiency of skeletal muscle and an increased rate of protein deterioration, according to research by D.P. All individuals inherit two copies of each gene.Autosomal means the gene is found on one of the numbered chromosomes found in both sexes. Immunodeficiency disorders impair the immune system’s ability to defend the body against foreign or abnormal cells that invade or attack it (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and cancer cells). Vitamin A deficiency is treated with vitamin A palmitate oil at a dosage of 60,000 IU orally for 2 days, then 4,500 IU orally per day. Factor XIII deficiency is classified as a rare form of bleeding disorders; a group that includes deficiencies of fibrinogen, prothrombin and factors V, VII, X, and XIII. Facial abnormalities can be present in a small group of children with GHD, typically caused by pituitary defects. Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. There are 2 major causes of this problem: Cause #1: Hypoparathyroidism Following Thyroid or Parathyroid Surgery. Korsakoff syndrome is often — but not always — preceded by an episode of Wernicke encephalopathy, which is an acute brain reaction to severe lack of thiamine. It is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. A patient afflicted with this condition simply has too little (or a complete absence of) parathyroid tissue; therefore, inadequate PTH is produced. Most of the time, the immune system protects the body from germs and other threats. Here are the 8 most common signs of vitamin and mineral deficiencies, including how to address them. [2] It is clear, however, that high blood pressure is a leading cause of CVD. Mitochondrial diseases are a group of metabolic disorders. By the time your child is 7 to 8 months old, you can expose them to a variety of foods apart from breast milk and infant formula. Whilst most notable affects are on lymphocytes, other manifestations include skeletal abnormalities, neurodevelopmental affects and pulmonary … Deficiency of androgen can cause loss of body hair and diminished sex drive in women. The body does not make iodine, so it is an essential part of your diet. Anemia related to kidney disease: The kidneys release a hormone called the erythropoietin that helps the bone marrow make red blood cells. Microcytic anemia suggests iron deficiency, which may occur with celiac disease. However, both nutrient deficiencies and excesses can trigger or exacerbate symptoms. 200,000 IU for 12 months through adulthood. In adults, severe vitamin D deficiency leads to osteomalacia. There are many different types of anemia, but the most common type is iron-deficiency anemia. You get carnitine through some of the foods you eat. It has been reported in … Children with SCID are missing important white blood cells. Without enough red blood cells, your tissues and organs don’t get enough oxygen. Read more about symptoms and treatment. Deficiency: rare in developed countries : scurvy ( most common deficiency disease) - Symptoms: bleeding gums, loose teeth, weakness, wounds that fail to … Without enough red blood cells, your … Symptoms are usually nonspecific. The first patient was identified in 1935. Osteomalacia causes weak bones, bone pain, and muscle weakness. Thiamine deficiency and its prevention and control in major emergencies 1 Introduction Scope This is a document on thiamine deficiency, which looks at the risk factors leading to outbreaks of thiamine deficiency, describes the signs and symptoms of the deficiency disease, and discusses the While a vegetarian diet is largely considered healthier for the heart than non-vegetarian diet, cobalamin deficiency is found to negate this beneficial effect. Specific Antibody Deficiency. We assessed which pheno-typic characteristics of Crohn's disease are associated with iron deficiency in 171 adult Crohn's disease patients. In people with chronic (long-standing) kidney disease ( CKD or end stage renal disease ( ESRD ), the production of this hormone is diminished, and this, in turn, diminishes the production of red blood cells, causing anemia. Hormonal problems related to the hypothalamus gland or pituitary gland; Poor blood supply to the pituitary gland; Radiation treatments to your brain ; Although many people never find out what caused their growth hormone deficiency, there are some growth hormone deficiency treatments that can help. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (Alpha-1) is a genetic (inherited) condition – it is passed from parents to their children through their genes. However, iron-deficiency anemia is just one type. However, left untreated, iron deficiency anemia can become severe and lead to … That will eventually result in many other illnesses and diseases. The cause of the disorder is unknown. This is an example of an immune deficiency that is present at birth. People with this syndrome have lower-than-normal numbers of immune cells, which have a diminished capacity to move through dense tissues like the skin. Individuals with this condition have a complete absence or severe deficiency of IgA, which is essential in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and plays a role in developing mucosal immunity and protection against infection. Signs and symptoms of hexokinase deficiency are very similar to those of pyruvate kinase deficiency but anemia is generally … When the mitochondria are defective, the cells do not have enough energy. These vitamins play an essential role in the production of red blood cells. VDD results in abnormalities in calcium, phosphorus, and bone metabolism. Recommended treatment for vitamin D–deficient patients up to 1 year of age is as follows : 2000 IU/day of vitamin D 2 or D 3 for 6 weeks or. Folate-deficiency anemia is the lack of folic acid in the blood. Because vitamin E is found in a variety of foods and supplements, a deficiency in the U.S. is rare. Tangier disease TANGO2-Related Metabolic Encephalopathy and Arrhythmias TAR syndrome Tardive dyskinesia - Not a rare disease TARP syndrome Tarsal carpal coalition syndrome Taurodontia, absent teeth, sparse hair syndrome Taurodontism Taurodontism, microdontia, and dens invaginatus Teebi Shaltout syndrome Tel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome Iron deficiency (ID), with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Celiac disease can be difficult to diagnose because it affects people differently. Celiac disease is an immune system condition, and lymphocytes are part of the immune system, so it’s possible that a condition like celiac disease could cause cancer in those cells. Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Nutrient deficiencies. Children who suffer from it can even die from measles, extreme diarrhea or respiratory infection. Selenium deficiency may occur in premature infants, since this population naturally tends to have low levels of plasma selenium. Other types are caused by: Diets lacking in vitamin B12, or you can’t use or absorb Vitamin B12 (like pernicious anemia). A metabolic disorder occurs when abnormal chemical reactions in your body disrupt this process. Symptoms of other pituitary hormone deficiencies that may co-exist with growth hormone deficiency: Absent or delayed sexual development during puberty. If you don’t have enough red blood cells, you have anemia. Among the five classes of immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE, IgG has the predominant role in protection against infection. Corneal Ulcerations - Keratomalacia . Learn about these types of PIDDs. The latter is considered as acute metabolic disorder preferably characterized by hypoglycemia. Vitamin D is essential for strong bones, because it helps the body use calcium from the diet. People with one autoimmune disorder are prone to developing other autoimmune disorders. Many subsequent clinical studies have observed that liver disease occurrence in α1-AT deficiency is bimodal, affecting children in neonatal life or early infancy and, less commonly, adults in late middle life. For instance, people with medical conditions such as ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, and short bowel syndrome may not be able to absorb vitamin K normally. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia and usually results from blood loss; malabsorption, such as with celiac disease, is a much less common cause. Among women of childbearing age, protein deficiency may lead to irregular menstrual cycles or temporary loss of fertility. A tumor in your head or a history of pituitary tumors. Riboflavin transporter deficiency is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by paralysis of the cranial nerves, sensorineural deafness, and signs of damage to other nerves.Symptoms may begin from infancy to early adulthood and worsen over time. 200,000 IU for 12 months through adulthood. Learn about the types, symptoms, and causes of blood disease with this article. The diagnosis is established when blood tests demonstrate undetectable levels of IgA (reported usually as … Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged The reason for this is still unknown. In … 100,000 IU for infants 6–12 months of age. Osteoporosis is responsible for two million broken bones and $19 billion in related costs every year. This vitamin is needed to make red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of your body. Updated on: 03/15/12. The association of α1-AT deficiency and liver disease in children was first described in 1969 by Harvey Sharp at the University of Minnesota. However, molecular mechanism in the pathogenesis of KD … The change of respiratory enzyme activities in myocardium of Keshan disease is in the way somewhat like that of hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency. Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps your body make red blood cells. Protein-deficiency malnutrition commonly leads to loss of sexual interest. These cells carry oxygen to all parts of your body. Head injuries sustained when inebriated. You get carnitine through some of the foods you eat. WebMD explains the complications of folate deficiency. Selenium (Se) deficiency is thought to be a major factor by Chinese scientists. Calcium is an essential mineral, and having too little can cause wide-ranging health issues over time. This disorder is sometimes called “bubble boy disease.” In the 1970s, a boy had to live in a sterile environment inside a plastic bubble. The disease peaked in 1960–1970, killing thousands of people. Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCID) are inherited immune system disorders characterized by abnormalities with responses of both T cells and B cells (specific types of white blood cells needed for immune system function). Normal physiology can be disrupted by a variety of mechanisms, ultimately manifesting as disease. Carnitine deficiency is when not enough (less than 10%) of the nutrient carnitine is available to cells in the body. Up to 31 percent of adults may be insufficient in vitamin K, and that could affect your bones, joints, and heart. It also affects the immune system and can even be fatal in acute conditions. The post 4 Silent Signs of a Vitamin K Deficiency appeared first on The Healthy. Both Keshan disease and Kashin-Beck disease are associated with _____ deficiency. Syndrome means a group of health problems that make up a disease. Deficiency of G6Pase activity in liver, kidney, and intestinal mucosa with excessive accumulation of glycogen in these organs leads to glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1 (Von Gierke’s disease). Red blood cells tend to be microcytic and hypochromic, and iron stores are low, as shown by low serum ferritin and low serum iron levels with high serum total iron-binding capacity. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues. Overview. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-associated lung disease is characterized by progressive degenerative and destructive changes in the lungs (emphysema, commonly of the panacinar type). The gene map locus is 11q13. Related Conditions & Mental Health. If you get infected with HIV, your body will try to fight the … Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is prevalent among the poor whose diets are based mainly on rice or other carbohydrate-rich, micronutrient-poor calory sources. When the serum 25(OH)D level exceeds 30 … Copper is an essential cofactor for oxidation-reduction reactions involving copper-containing oxidases. They found that at a median of 14 years follow-up, 986 people had died from stroke, 424 from heart disease, and 2,087 from all diseases related to the cardiovascular system. Not getting enough folate (folic acid) can harm your health, too. Even a slight deficiency can affect them in the development of bones and their overall growth. Rickets is a rare disease that causes the bones to become soft and bend. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) deficiency is a type of metabolic disease. Gaucher disease is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder in which deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase results in the accumulation of harmful quantities of certain fats (lipids), specifically the glycolipid glucocerebroside, throughout the body especially within the bone marrow, spleen and liver. When this happens, you might have too much of some substances or too little of other ones that you need to stay healthy. Keshan disease is a congestive cardiomyopathy caused by a combination of dietary deficiency of selenium and the presence of a mutated strain of Coxsackievirus, named after Keshan County of Heilongjiang province, Northeast China, where symptoms were first noted. Carnitine deficiency is when not enough (less than 10%) of the nutrient carnitine is available to cells in the body. These conditions are multifactorial and commonly occur at times of high physiological stress or demand for these nutrients with late pregnancy and early lactation being key times. If you’ve been on antibiotics or anticoagulants for a long time or are on a stringent or poor diet, a vitamin K deficiency is more likely. An infection. It was first observed in Keshan province in China, and it has since been found in other areas where the selenium level in the soil is low. Keshan disease: A condition caused by deficiency of the essential mineral selenium. How To Prevent Nutritional Deficiency Diseases In Your Children. Alpha1-antitrypsin is a protein made by the liver whose function is to protect the lungs. Common signs and symptoms include an increased susceptibility to infections including ear infections; pneumonia or bronchitis; oral thrush; and diarrhea. Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED) is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired ability to coordinate voluntary movements (ataxia) and disease of the peripheral nervous system (peripheral neuropathy). Your body needs a certain amount of iron to make hemoglobin, the substance that moves oxygen throughout your body. Phosphorylase deficiency causes exercise intolerance, such as cramps, muscle pain … A vitamin C deficiency leads to the risk of gingivitis or early gum disease, skin problems like petechiae and purpura, osteoporosis, bone development problems, and even iron-deficiency anemia. Symptoms of PDC deficiency include signs of metabolic dysfunction such as extreme tiredness (lethargy), poor feeding, and rapid breathing Bulging eyes, or proptosis, occurs when one or both eyes protrude from the eye sockets due to space taking lesions such as swelling of the muscles, fat, and tissue behind the eye. This can cause muscle weakness and heart or liver problems. Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions, d listing. This type of hypoparathyroidism is the easiest to understand. Albumin is a general indicator of nutritional state. Cell-mediated immunity is accomplished by T lymphocytes (T cells) and their effector response and interactions with other immune cells. A deficiency in healthy, fully-matured red blood cells can result in fatigue, paleness of the skin (pallor), lightheadedness and additional findings. Oxidative damage and eye disease. Excessive thirst. Charles S. Lieber, M.D., M.A.C.P., is a professor of medicine and pathology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and chief of the Section of Liver Disease and Nutrition as well as director of the Alcohol Research Center at the Bronx Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York. Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB) In Babies. Deficiencies of these fat-soluble vitamins are often associated with fat malabsorption and inflammation of the small intestine. In the brain, thiamine is required both by the nerve cells (i.e., neurons) and by other supporting cells in the nervous system (i.e., glia cells). Vitamin B12 is needed to produce an adequate amount of healthy red blood cells in the bone marrow. AIDS is caused by a virus called the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Vitamins linked to vitamin deficiency anemia include folate, vitamin B-12 and vitamin C. Vitamin deficiency anemia can occur if you don't eat enough foods containing folate, vitamin B-12 or vitamin C, or it can occur if your body has trouble absorbing or … For people with celiac disease, the risk of developing another autoimmune disorder increases with the age of diagnosis. These regions include Keshan Province in China, New Zealand, and Finland. Graves' disease, for example, an autoimmune condition of the thyroid causing hyperthyroidism, is a risk factor for developing pernicious anemia, which in turn leads to B12 deficiency. While vitamin K deficiency is rare among healthy adults, some people are vulnerable. The many different causes leading to defects of the immune system describes Congress President Professor Reinhold E. Schmidt, Clinic for Immunology … It is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The same group has also found that influenza virus causes more severe lung disease in selenium deficient mice, probably also as a result of genome mutation—they identified 29 nucleotide changes in the M1 matrix protein, an internal viral protein. Known earlier as hemorrhagic disease of the newborn, this condition affects very small babies, shortly after birth. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble nutrient that plays a vital role in your body. This is a fact sheet intended for health professionals. In children, it can cause rickets. Protein deficiency diseases occur when a person does not eat enough protein; these diseases are prevalent in developing countries where people are too poor to buy protein-rich foods or where such foods are hard to find. Generally speaking, vitamin and mineral deficiencies are due to diets that lack some of the nutrients found in fresh vegetables and fruit, as well as milk, cheese, or eggs.
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