Threat Matrix (TV Series 2003-2004) - IMDb To prevent threats from taking advantage of system flaws, administrators can use threat-modeling methods to inform defensive measures. 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BlackOasis is a Middle Eastern threat group that is believed to be a customer of Gamma Group. In 2018, the US indicted five GRU Unit 26165 officers associated with APT28 for cyber operations (including close-access operations) conducted between 2014 and 2018 against the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the US Anti-Doping Agency, a US nuclear facility, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), the Spiez Swiss Chemicals Laboratory, and other organizations. Once our analysis has developed to meet high confidence criteria, a Storm is converted to a named actor. For example, if a threat requires hundreds of thousands of dollars of computing power to implement, it is likely that only organized corporate, criminal, or government actors would be valid threat actors for such a threat. howpublished={Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute's Insights (blog)}. Apply Security Cards based on developer suggestions. Special Agent John Kilmer leads an elite team on missions to eliminate terrorists and other threats as part of USA's Homeland Security force. The group primarily targets Japanese organizations, particularly those in government, biotechnology, electronics manufacturing, and industrial chemistry. BlackTech has used a combination of custom malware, dual-use tools, and living off the land tactics to compromise media, construction, engineering, electronics, and financial company networks. Early in the threat modeling process, you will need to draw a data flow diagram of the entire system that is being assessed, including its trust boundaries. These capabilities are part of the NGFW security subscriptions service. Threat modeling should be performed early in the development cycle when potential issues can be caught early and remedied, preventing a much costlier fix down the line. Security researchers have identified GALLIUM as a likely Chinese state-sponsored group, based in part on tools used and TTPs commonly associated with Chinese threat actors. APT37 is a North Korean state-sponsored cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2012. After applying the mitigation and measuring the new risk value, the user of this cheat sheet should update the risk log to verify that risk has been reduced. The deliverable from this project is a MITRE ATT&CK like matrix for network-based threat hunting. Widely regarded as a risk-centric framework, PASTA employs an attacker-centric perspective to produce an asset-centric output in the form of threat enumeration and scoring. This new naming approach does not in any way change who the threat actors are that we are tracking, or our current analysis behind the names. Aquatic Panda is a suspected China-based threat group with a dual mission of intelligence collection and industrial espionage. Much of the code used by this group was copied and pasted from online forums. We know defenders benefit from context and actionable insight they need to understand what threat actor is behind an attack and how they can take steps to mitigate the issue. While Naikon shares some characteristics with APT30, the two groups do not appear to be exact matches. It is recommended to contextually look at threats impacts, probability and effectiveness of countermeasures that may be present. The group has been active since at least 2008 and has targeted the restaurant, gaming, and hotel industries. Carbanak is a cybercriminal group that has used Carbanak malware to target financial institutions since at least 2013. APT39 is one of several names for cyber espionage activity conducted by the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS) through the front company Rana Intelligence Computing since at least 2014. Heightened activity was seen in mid-2015. BackdoorDiplomacy has targeted Ministries of Foreign Affairs and telecommunication companies in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. Some analysts track APT19 and Deep Panda as the same group, but it is unclear from open source information if the groups are the same. Table 3 summarizes features of each threat modeling method. Table 1. Assume the attacker has a zero-day because he does. Kimsuky is a North Korea-based cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2012. PASTA introduces a risk-centric methodology aimed at applying security countermeasures that are commensurate to the possible impact that could be sustained from defined threat models, vulnerabilities, weaknesses, and attack patterns. Circumstantial evidence suggests there could be a link between this group and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) government, but that has not been confirmed. The ATT&CK knowledge base is used as a foundation for the development of specific threat models and methodologies in the private sector, in government, and in the cybersecurity product and . Some drive and commitment to achieve outcomes using generally peaceful means. Define Data Flows over the organization Data Flow Diagram. Machete is a suspected Spanish-speaking cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2010. Read the SEI White Paper, Threat Modeling: A Summary of Available Methods, on which this post is based. Since 2020 FIN7 shifted operations to a big game hunting (BGH) approach including use of REvil ransomware and their own Ransomware as a Service (RaaS), Darkside. The Microsoft Threat Intelligence community is made up of more than 8,000 world-class experts, security researchers, analysts, and threat hunters analyzing 65 trillion signals daily to discover threats and deliver timely and hyper-relevant insight to protect customers. APT19 is a Chinese-based threat group that has targeted a variety of industries, including defense, finance, energy, pharmaceutical, telecommunications, high tech, education, manufacturing, and legal services. It looks at threat modeling from a risk-management and defensive perspective. In April 2021, the US and UK governments attributed the SolarWinds Compromise to the SVR; public statements included citations to APT29, Cozy Bear, and The Dukes. Each discovered threat becomes a root node in an attack tree. The cyber threat landscape is a complex mix of adversaries, vulnerabilities, and emerging capabilities. Fox Kitten has targeted multiple industrial verticals including oil and gas, technology, government, defense, healthcare, manufacturing, and engineering. Where possible add assets to the identified information flows. Silence is a financially motivated threat actor targeting financial institutions in different countries. Some security researchers have concluded there is a connection between LuminousMoth and Mustang Panda based on similar targeting and TTPs, as well as network infrastructure overlaps. This method elevates the threat-modeling process to a strategic level by involving key decision makers and requiring security input from operations, governance, architecture, and development. No Python knowledge is necessary for its use - if you can define objects and use .attribute notation, you should be able to use it. APT38 is a North Korean state-sponsored threat group that specializes in financial cyber operations; it has been attributed to the Reconnaissance General Bureau. This means that every log or alert reviewed and test performed must explicitly improve an organization's ability to mitigate, detect, and respond to the known techniques used by the most likely threat actors. Identify Possible Attackers threat agents that could exist within the Target of Evaluation. Earth Lusca is a suspected China-based cyber espionage group that has been active since at least April 2019. It characterizes users as archetypes that can misuse the system and forces analysts to view the system from an unintended-use point of view. Threat actors are motivated by a multitude of factors, depending on a particular actor's relationship . Its main aspects are operational risk, security practices, and technology. APT-C-36 is a suspected South America espionage group that has been active since at least 2018. Rancor is a threat group that has led targeted campaigns against the South East Asia region. the relationship as a quasi-mathematical model: Threat-Perception = Estimated Capability x Estimated Intent . (This is an organizational evaluation. LuminousMoth has targeted high-profile organizations, including government entities, in Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and other parts of Southeast Asia. The different categories within each dimension are shown in Table 2. 412-268-5800. title={Threat Modeling: 12 Available Methods}. This is about what can be done by skilled attackers, with much more time, money, motive and opportunity that we have. You can refer to OWASP Testing Guide 4.0: Business Logic Testing and OWASP ASVS for more details. With help from a deck of cards (see an example in Figure 6), analysts can answer questions about an attack, such as. Assessing Threat Threats can be assessed in many ways. A cyber threat actor is any individual or group that poses a threat to cybersecurity. Metador is a suspected cyber espionage group that was first reported in September 2022. This post presented 12 threat-modeling methods. threat actor - Glossary | CSRC 2015-2023, The MITRE Corporation. Industry reporting also referred to the actors involved in this campaign as UNC2452, NOBELIUM, StellarParticle, Dark Halo, and SolarStorm. The CVSS method is often used in combination with other threat-modeling methods. They have operated since at least 2008, often targeting government networks in Europe and NATO member countries, research institutes, and think tanks. Threats can be assessed in many ways. It has primarily focused its operations within Latin America, with a particular emphasis on Venezuela, but also in the US, Europe, Russia, and parts of Asia. MITRE ATT&CK is a globally-accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. Threat Matrix is an American drama television series created by Daniel Voll that aired on ABC from September 18, 2003 to January 29, 2004 which lasted 16 episodes. They can be combined to create a more robust and well-rounded view of potential threats. Those principles are considered throughout the following steps in this cheat sheet. ThreatActorType. Threat actors | Network-based threat hunting matrix Within this environment, Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs) must prioritize resources and projects to maximize their defenses against the most significant threats. APT10: threat actor: 2018: APT10 is a Chinese cyber espionage group that FireEye has tracked since 2009. A threat actor is the source of the threat on the system. N. Shevchenko, "Threat Modeling: 12 Available Methods," Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute's Insights (blog). How much knowledge or skills does the attacker have? The documentation may be out of date, requiring you to gather new information to update the documentation. PASTA, Attack Simulation & Threat Analysis (PASTA) is a complete methodology to perform application threat modeling. A group known by Microsoft as NEODYMIUM is reportedly associated closely with BlackOasis operations, but evidence that the group names are aliases has not been identified. Only by understanding its specific threat landscape can an organization reduce risk. Wizard Spider is a Russia-based financially motivated threat group originally known for the creation and deployment of TrickBot since at least 2016. They have extensively used strategic web compromises to compromise victims. Cleaver is a threat group that has been attributed to Iranian actors and is responsible for activity tracked as Operation Cleaver. In 2017, MITRE developed an APT3 Adversary Emulation Plan. Were excited to share this new threat actor update with you, our defenders, and help bring clarity and relevance to the threat intelligence you are getting from Microsoft. The group has targeted a variety of sectors, including financial, government, energy, chemical, and telecommunications. Highly motivated but with some flexibility in terms of method and capacity for compromise. Related Artifacts: Implementation model, components. Threat Group-1314 is an unattributed threat group that has used compromised credentials to log into a victim's remote access infrastructure. This cheat sheet aims to provide guidance on how to create threat models for both existing systems or applications as well as new systems. Quantifying Threat Actor Assessments | SANS Institute Equation is a sophisticated threat group that employs multiple remote access tools. Microsoft customers can use the following queries to transition to the new taxonomy. MITRE ATT&CK is a globally-accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. Threat can be evaluated as a combination of Intent & Capability. IEEE Software 12 (6), pp. Andariel's notable activity includes Operation Black Mine, Operation GoldenAxe, and Campaign Rifle. You do not need to be a security expert in order to implement the techniques covered in this cheat sheet. Invented in 1999 and adopted by Microsoft in 2002, STRIDE is currently the most mature threat-modeling method. With James Denton, Kelly Rutherford, Will Lyman, Anthony Azizi. Mitre Att&Ck Note: Our latest blog about the Iranian threat actor Mint Sandstorm (previously PHOSPHORUS) reflects the new naming taxonomy: Nation-state threat actor Mint Sandstorm refines tradecraft to attack high-value targets. FIN8 is a financially motivated threat group known to launch tailored spearphishing campaigns targeting the retail, restaurant, and hospitality industries. The group has been observed utilizing TRITON, a malware framework designed to manipulate industrial safety systems. Document how data flows through a system to identify where the system might be attacked. APT17 is a China-based threat group that has conducted network intrusions against U.S. government entities, the defense industry, law firms, information technology companies, mining companies, and non-government organizations. APT28 is a threat group that has been attributed to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) 85th Main Special Service Center (GTsSS) military unit 26165. This is where Intel Profiles in Microsoft Defender Threat Intelligence can bring crucial information and context about threats. The Microsoft Threat Modeling Tool (TMT) helps find threats in the design phase of software projects. The group's victims have primarily been in the Middle East, Europe, and the United States. Mustang Panda is a China-based cyber espionage threat actor that was first observed in 2017 but may have been conducting operations since at least 2014. As with many other methods, Trike starts with defining a system. Activities undertaken by a threat actor, their leadership and/or sponsor to prepare for conducting malicious cyber activities, e.g., establish governance and articulating intent, objectives, and strategy; identify potential victims and attack vectors; securing resources and develop capabilities; assess intended victim's cyber These methods can all be used within an Agile environment, depending on the timeframe of the sprint and how often the modeling is repeated. While innovative, cyber-physical systems are vulnerable to threats that manufacturers of traditional physical infrastructures may not consider. Threat actor has very high expectation of achieving a successful attack. Also, actors are evaluated on a three-dimensional scale (always, sometimes, never) for each action they may perform on each asset. Ransomware: Every internet-connected network is at risk. Sidewinder is a suspected Indian threat actor group that has been active since at least 2012. The approach to risk-based cybersecurity | McKinsey Threat actors are the perpetrators behind cyberattacks, and are often categorized by a variety of factors, including motive, type of attack, and targeted sector. TD is both a web application and a desktop application; refer to the project's GitHub repository for the latest release. Applying these concepts bridges the gap between these segmented functional domains and enables a robust, agile and proactive set of cyber security capabilities. From 2017 through 2018, the group led an espionage campaign called Operation Shaheen targeting government and military organizations in Pakistan. The group has heavily targeted the gaming industry, but it has also expanded the scope of its targeting. APT37 has also been linked to the following campaigns between 2016-2018: Operation Daybreak, Operation Erebus, Golden Time, Evil New Year, Are you Happy?, FreeMilk, North Korean Human Rights, and Evil New Year 2018. Some of these were conducted with the assistance of GRU Unit 74455, which is also referred to as Sandworm Team. Create a physical map of the Target of Evaluation. Andariel is a North Korean state-sponsored threat group that has been active since at least 2009. The group has shown interest in prominent figures in the United Nations, as well as opposition bloggers, activists, regional news correspondents, and think tanks. ALLANITE is a suspected Russian cyber espionage group, that has primarily targeted the electric utility sector within the United States and United Kingdom. A variety of factors can impact the likelihood of a threat being carried out, including how difficult the implementation of the threat is, and how rewarding it would be to the attacker. SideCopy is a Pakistani threat group that has primarily targeted South Asian countries, including Indian and Afghani government personnel, since at least 2019. Threat assessments, such as those produced by the government's. No re-posting of papers is permitted. Trike was created as a security audit framework that uses threat modeling as a technique. In most cases after defining the attack vectors, the compromised user role could lead to further attacks into the application. As of 2023 it is under active development. Use risk management methodology to determine the risk behind the threat. Figure 1: Threat Actor Motivation and Capability Heat Map. Software Engineering Institute When building your cyber security capability, understanding your adversaries is essential. It runs only on Windows 10 Anniversary Update or later, and so is difficult to use on macOS or Linux. Highly skilled and comprehensively trained. Available: https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/threat-modeling-12-available-methods/. Check out the blog post or release notes for more information. This cheat sheet aims to provide guidance on how to create threat models for both existing systems or applications as well as new systems. PASTA aims to bring business objectives and technical requirements together. Operational threat models are created from an attacker point of view based on DFDs. Proactive Defense: Understanding the 4 Main Threat Actor Types Hui LM, Leung CW, Fan CK and Wong TN, "modeling agent-based systems with UML". We see this lone-actor threat manifested both within homegrown violent . The CVSS provides users a common and standardized scoring system within different cyber and cyber-physical platforms. Courses of Action for Matrix ransomware. The group uses custom malware as well as "living off the land" techniques. Key Points A security threat is the intent and capability for a threat actor to take some adverse action against you. The Process for Attack Simulation and Threat Analysis (PASTA) is a risk-centric threat-modeling framework developed in 2012. Ke3chang has targeted oil, government, diplomatic, military, and NGOs in Central and South America, the Caribbean, Europe, and North America since at least 2010. The group has targeted organizations globally, including in the government, manufacturing, higher education, energy, healthcare, technology, telecommunications, and media sectors. Gamaredon Group is a suspected Russian cyber espionage threat group that has targeted military, NGO, judiciary, law enforcement, and non-profit organizations in Ukraine since at least 2013. Work on minimizing the number of threat agents by: The user of this cheat can depend on the following list of risks and threat libraries sources to define the possible threats an application might be facing: Map threat agents to the application entry point, whether it is a login process, a registration process or whatever it might be and consider insider Threats. Groups are activity clusters that are tracked by a common name in the security community. However, if the threat is relatively easy to accomplish, or if the attacker were to gain valuable information from which they could profit, the likelihood may be higher. The group has targeted organizations based mostly in Singapore across a wide variety of sectors, and is primarily interested in stealing large amounts of sensitive information. The risk profile for data in transit or data at rest depends on the security measures that are in place to secure data in either state. It is fundamental to identify who would want to exploit the assets of a company, how they might use them against the company, and if they would be capable of doing so. Threat Capability The analyst builds a requirement model by enumerating and understanding the system's actors, assets, intended actions, and rules. The DREAD formula is divided into 5 main categories: Risk Value = (Damage + Affected users) x (Reproducibility + Exploitability + Discoverability). APT29 is threat group that has been attributed to Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR). LAPSUS$ specializes in large-scale social engineering and extortion operations, including destructive attacks without the use of ransomware. SideCopy's name comes from its infection chain that tries to mimic that of Sidewinder, a suspected Indian threat group. PDF How Do You Assess Your Organization s Cyber Threat Level - MITRE The Poirot tool isolates and diagnoses defects through fault modeling and simulation. While Naikon shares some characteristics with APT30, the two groups do not appear to be exact matches. SPARTA HOME Open SPARTA October 18, 2022 Sign up to have the latest post sent to your inbox weekly. This helps Microsoft Threat Intelligence teams fully understand the what of an attack, make assessments on the why, then forecast and implement protections for where an attacker might go next. Each icon uniquely represents a family name, and where it makes sense will accompany the threat actor names as a visual aid. . Shevchenko, N. (2018, December 3). A portion of FIN7 was run out of a front company called Combi Security. The attractiveness thereof depends on the objective that the threat actor pursues in this particular campaign, the match of this objective to the organization (e.g., a hacktivist group might be more interested in attacking a pharmaceutical enterprise) and the threat actor's commitment to reach these objectives. Persona non Grata (PnG) focuses on the motivations and skills of human attackers. WIRTE has targeted government, diplomatic, financial, military, legal, and technology organizations in the Middle East and Europe. The examples below show how the naming system works for Russia and Iran. Controls are safeguards or countermeasures that you put in place in order to avoid, detect, counteract, or minimize potential threats against your information, systems, or other assets. Protecting sensitive data both in transit and at rest is imperative for modern enterprises as attackers find increasingly innovative ways to compromise systems and steal data. If you read data from a database, there's typically a trust boundary because other processes can modify the data in the database. Turla is known for conducting watering hole and spearphishing campaigns and leveraging in-house tools and malware. This analysis helps the expert understand the system's vulnerabilities from the point of view of an attacker. Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/threat-modeling-12-available-methods/. To ease the transition from old names to new names, we developed a reference guide at https://aka.ms/threatactors. Lazarus Group is a North Korean state-sponsored cyber threat group that has been attributed to the Reconnaissance General Bureau. Abstract: The SEGRID (Security for Smart Electricity GRIDs) collaboration project, funded by the EU under the FP7 program investigates risk assessment methodologies and their possible need for enhancement. It conducts cybersecurity analysis and research for the federal government. OCTAVE focuses on assessing organizational risks and does not address technological risks. Thrip is an espionage group that has targeted satellite communications, telecoms, and defense contractor companies in the U.S. and Southeast Asia. Naikon is assessed to be a state-sponsored cyber espionage group attributed to the Chinese Peoples Liberation Armys (PLA) Chengdu Military Region Second Technical Reconnaissance Bureau (Military Unit Cover Designator 78020). Rocke is an alleged Chinese-speaking adversary whose primary objective appeared to be cryptojacking, or stealing victim system resources for the purposes of mining cryptocurrency. Reference to 4+1 view model of architecture here. The following subsections show the details about 4+1 approach and how this could help in the threat modeling process: Create a logical map of the Target of Evaluation. (This is an identification of risks to the organization's critical assets and decision making. Threat Matrix - Wikipedia Aoqin Dragon has primarily targeted government, education, and telecommunication organizations in Australia, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Vietnam. APT16 is a China-based threat group that has launched spearphishing campaigns targeting Japanese and Taiwanese organizations. Our threat research has grown to track more than 300 unique threat actors, including 160 nation-state actors, 50 ransomware groups, and hundreds of others. However, threat actors are also finding it helpful, integrating it into reconnaissance, weaponization, and other elements of the cyber kill chain . A future SEI blog post will provide guidance on how to evaluate these models for use in specific contexts. In recent years, this method has often been used in combination with other techniques and within frameworks such as STRIDE, CVSS, and PASTA. Inception is a cyber espionage group active since at least 2014. The group has conducted operations globally with a heavy emphasis on Turkish targets. To ease the transition to the new naming taxonomy, use this reference guide to look up the old and new names of Microsoft threat actors: https://aka.ms/threatactors. The group has targeted multiple private sector industries as well as foreign governments, dissidents, and journalists with a strong focus on Southeast Asian countries like Vietnam, the Philippines, Laos, and Cambodia.
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