The monthly averages temperatures are below 22C (72F) but above 0C (32F). The above map can be downloaded, printed and used for geography education purposes like map-pointing and coloring activities. However, the vastness of the territory and the presence . Venezuela's political leadership maintains an anti-U.S. government discourse, and its political climate is highly polarized and fluid. The temperature during the year does not change often, but a lot depends on the altitude. Statin alternative? Grasslands cover about half of the country. But aside from the political crisis, Venezuela got 50 to 65 percent less rainfall than the annual average from 2013 to 2016. The national capital, Caracas, is Venezuelas primary centre of industry, commerce, education, and tourism. Where Climate Change Fits into Venezuela's Ongoing Crisis )arable land: 3.1% (2018 est. This climate zone is present in towns like Mucuches, Chachopo and Los Nevados. Geography of Venezuela - Wikipedia For most of the first half of the 20th century, Venezuela was ruled by military strongmen who promoted the oil industry and allowed for some social reforms. Venezuela | Today's latest from Al Jazeera ), total: 14.1 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 15.67 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 12.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est. )refined petroleum consumption: 470,600 bbl/day (2019 est. Since mid-2020, and despite MADURO regime mismanagement and faltering infrastructure, oil production has begun to rise primarily due to strengthened MADURO regime trade relations with China, Russia, Iran, and the illicit oil trade. )$381.6 billion (2017 est. Time Zone. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again. It's located in the medium areas of the Cordillera de Mrida and Sierra de Perija, the highest areas of Venezuelan coastal range, and the top of the highest Guiana Highlands Tepuis. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). . The High Points in the History of Venezuela - ThoughtCo The sustainability of this progress remains questionable, however, as the continuation of these social programs depends on the prosperity of Venezuela's oil industry. 16 Most Popular Venezuelan Foods You Should Try - Nomad Paradise Climate & Weather Averages in Cerro Ancho, Venezuela. )31.3% of GDP (2016 est. This climate doesn't tend to has a dry season. The Climate in Venezuela - SpainExchange Country Guide The ministry of the Evangelical Pentecostal Union of Venezuela (UEPV) aims to be faithful to the Gospel and its challenges even in times of political and socio-economic conflicts. ), 2.972 million CARACAS (capital), 2.368 million Maracaibo, 1.983 million Valencia, 1.254 million Barquisimeto, 1.243 million Maracay, 964,000 Ciudad Guayana (2023), at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2023 est. Venezuela - Language, Culture, Customs and Etiquette Why this ax murder case fascinates, Weather: 10+ reported dead; millions warned of winter weather, Woman in Washington state claims $754.6 million Powerball jackpot, How Disney World, Disneyland made 'it's a small world' more inclusive, Cultures come together in joyous wedding dance, Here's how you can stream this year's Oscar-nominated movies right now, Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. From the Orinoco through the southernmost (Amazonas) territory bordering Colombia, Brazil, and Guyana are the vast Guiana Highlands, or Guayana, largely an upland surface of rounded hills and narrow valleys formed from ancient crystalline rocks. )$334.751 billion (2017 est. )from consumed natural gas: 46.222 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. The Socioeconomic Situation of Venezuela. Venezuela's oil and gas industry take starring roles in this environmental horror show. Inflation is now projected to accelerate this year. Women ran for office before they were given the right to vote, and Jeannette Rankin made history when she was sworn in 106 years ago. (approximately $7.7 billion)1.8% of GDP (2015 est.) Ancient Venezuelans came from the east, west, south, and north. Although the country of Venezuela lies entirely within the tropics, its climate varies from tropical humid to alpine, depending on the elevation, topography, and the direction and intensity of prevailing winds. )-15.76% (2017 est. In the lowlands of Orinoco climate is savanna, and in southeastern part of the Guyanese highlands and in the upper Orinoco is the equatorial. It's also a good idea to take some waterproofs or a sturdy umbrella whichever region you're visiting. Frosty climate is found at the highest areas in Venezuelan Andes, between 4,150 and 4,700 m. where the temperatures are between 0C (32F) to 3C (37F). Venezuela's hotel and B&B (posadas) scene has hugely expanded and there are many options throughout the country. Venezuela is an incredibly diverse and beautiful country with a range of climates and weather. Venezuela was one of three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Ecuador and New Granada, which became Colombia). )9.257 (2016 est. Venezuela and Climate Change | Venezuelanalysis.com Lago de Valencia, Venezuela #8 Sweetness that is exported to other corners of the world. Venezuela, RB - Climatology | Climate Change Knowledge Portal If you're up in the northern mountainous region, you're likely to encounter a good few downpours. Venezuela is bounded by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Guyana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Colombia to the southwest and west. These changes, however, were accompanied by imbalances among the countrys regions and socioeconomic groups, and Venezuelas cities swelled because of a massive and largely uncontrolled migration from rural areas, as well as mass immigration, much of it illegal, from Colombia and other neighbours. Although the battle took place in Colombia, it had major consequences for Venezuela as it broke Spanish resistance in the area. Caracas | History, Population, Climate, & Facts | Britannica )consumption: 78,082,020,000 kWh (2019 est. Venezuela - United States Department of State 1980s to 1990s: Global oil prices fall. Venezuela - Climate - Country Studies Venezuela climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation Unlike in Europe or the USA, there is almost no difference between the seasons. In Venezuela, other types of threats are also emerging. In 1914, the first oil well in the country of Venezuela, Zumaque-I, opened for the first time. NA, sewage pollution of Lago de Valencia; oil and urban pollution of Lago de Maracaibo; deforestation; soil degradation; urban and industrial pollution, especially along the Caribbean coast; threat to the rainforest ecosystem from irresponsible mining operations, party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlandssigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 15.82 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. As a consequence, many people are going agriculture: 4.7% (2017 est. Here, the temperature ranges between 26 and 28 C. They include, among others, the cities of Maracaibo and Ciudad Bolvar. Beyond the dialogue Catatumbo Lightning has generated within the scientific community, it's been mentioned in literature as far back as the late 16th century, when Spanish poet Lope de Vega used it as the backdrop . This is where the world seems to stop. Venezuela has a population of 31.7 million as of mid-2018 with a median age of 28.7 years and a growth rate of 1.2 percent. ), electrification - total population: 99.6% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 100% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 99% (2019), installed generating capacity: 32.956 million kW (2020 est. Venezuela's biodiverse environment, from its share of the Amazon rainforest to its lakes and coastline, has suffered increasing levels of pollution and degradation in recent years. Temperatures don't fluctuate wildly, hovering between 26C (79F) and 28C (82F) and making the country something of an all year round destination. At rainy season amount of precipitation may reach 2000 mm (78.7"). Venezuela Climate | What is the Climate of Venezuela - MapsofWorld.com Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialectsmajor-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informacin bsica. What is the weather like in Venezuela - World Travel Guide From the ministry of their congregations, UEPV . The Andes mountain range crosses the northwestern region of the country, with the highest peak Pico Bolivar reaching heights of 5,007m (16,427ft). However, since 2014, falling oil prices have driven a major economic crisis that has pushed Venezuelans from all walks of life to migrate or to seek asylum abroad to escape severe shortages of food, water, and medicine; soaring inflation; unemployment; and violence. )$9,417 (2017 est. Gallows humor when the daily grind is so difficult and the future so bleak that crying is the only other option. Best Time to Visit Venezuela - SouthAmerica.travel Mountainous areas are significantly cooler. Omissions? The climate of Venezuela varies greatly in relation to altitude, the country has a series of climates that vary from humid tropical to alpine. Venezuela, like many other Latin American countries, has a high percentage of urban poverty, a massive foreign debt, and widespread governmental patronage and corruption. )proven reserves: 731 million metric tons (2019 est. The brain drain is attributed to a repressive political system, lack of economic opportunities, steep inflation, a high crime rate, and corruption. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. ), $100.3 billion (31 December 2017 est. )imports: 0 kWh (2019 est. Sustained monetary financing of the fiscal deficit should fuel it. There are many variations inVenezuela climatebecause of certain factors such as topography, altitude and the intensity and direction of prevailing winds. Why Venezuela should be on your travel bucket list | Euronews Social investment in Venezuela during the CHAVEZ administration reduced poverty from nearly 50% in 1999 to about 27% in 2011, increased school enrollment, substantially decreased infant and child mortality, and improved access to potable water and sanitation through social investment. Inflation is expected to top 1600% this year. Venezuela: country data and statistics - Worlddata.info The climate of Venezuela falls under the tropical zone below 800 meters, where the average temperature remains between 26 and 28 C. Climate: tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands. The western branch, known as the Perij Mountains (Sierra de Perij, or Serrana de los Motilones), runs along the border with Colombia, whereas the eastern branch, the Cordillera de Mrida, extends from the border to Lara state and divides the Lake Maracaibo basin from that of the Orinoco River. 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This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. ), conventional long form: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuelaconventional short form: Venezuelalocal long form: Republica Bolivariana de Venezuelalocal short form: Venezuelaformer: State of Venezuela, Republic of Venezuela, United States of Venezuelaetymology: native stilt-houses built on Lake Maracaibo reminded early explorers Alonso de OJEDA and Amerigo VESPUCCI in 1499 of buildings in Venice and so they named the region "Venezuola," which in Italian means "Little Venice", name: Caracasgeographic coordinates: 10 29 N, 66 52 Wtime difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: named for the native Caracas tribe that originally settled in the city's valley site near the Caribbean coast, 23 states (estados, singular - estado), 1 capital district* (distrito capital), and 1 federal dependency** (dependencia federal); Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolivar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales (Federal Dependencies)**, Distrito Capital (Capital District)*, Falcon, Guarico, La Guaira, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulianote: the federal dependency consists of 11 federally controlled island groups with a total of 72 individual islands, history: many previous; latest adopted 15 December 1999, effective 30 December 1999amendments: proposed through agreement by at least 39% of the National Assembly membership, by the president of the republic in session with the cabinet of ministers, or by petition of at least 15% of registered voters; passage requires simple majority vote by the Assembly and simple majority approval in a referendum; amended 2009; note - in 2016, President MADURO issued a decree to hold an election to form a constituent assembly to change the constitution; the election in July 2017 approved the formation of a 545-member constituent assembly and elected its delegates, empowering them to change the constitution and dismiss government institutions and officials, civil law system based on the Spanish civil code, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years; reduced to five years in the case of applicants from Spain, Portugal, Italy, or a Latin American or Caribbean country, chief of state: Notification Statement: the United States recognizes Juan GUAIDO as the Interim President of VenezuelaPresident Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013); Executive Vice President Delcy RODRIGUEZ Gomez (since 14 June 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013); Executive Vice President Delcy RODRIGUEZ Gomez (since 14 June 2018)cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); election last held on 20 May 2018 (next election in 2024)election results: 2018: Nicolas MADURO Moros reelected president; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 68%, Henri FALCON (AP) 21%, Javier BERTUCCI 11%; note - the election was marred by serious shortcomings and electoral fraud; voter turnout was approximately 46% due largely to an opposition boycott of the election2013: Nicolas MADURO Moros elected president; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 50.6%, Henrique CAPRILES Radonski (PJ) 49.1%, other 0.3%, description: unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (277 seats; 3 seats reserved for indigenous peoples of Venezuela; members serve 5-year terms); note - in 2020, the National Electoral Council increased the number of seats in the National Assembly from 167 to 277 for the 6 December 2020 electionelections: last held on 6 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2025)election results: percent of vote by party - GPP (pro-government) 69.3%, Democratic Alliance (opposition coalition) 17.7%, other 13%; seats by party - GPP 253, Democratic Alliance 18, indigenous peoples 3, other 3; composition - NA, highest court(s): Supreme Tribunal of Justice (consists of 32 judges organized into constitutional, political-administrative, electoral, civil appeals, criminal appeals, and social divisions)judge selection and term of office: judges proposed by the Committee of Judicial Postulation (an independent body of organizations dealing with legal issues and of the organs of citizen power) and appointed by the National Assembly; judges serve nonrenewable 12-year terms; note - in July 2017, the National Assembly named 33 judges to the court to replace a series of judges, it argued, had been illegally appointed in late 2015 by the outgoing, socialist-party-led Assembly; the Government of President MADURO and the Socialist Party-appointed judges refused to recognize these appointments, however, and many of the new judges have since been imprisoned or forced into exilesubordinate courts: Superior or Appeals Courts (Tribunales Superiores); District Tribunals (Tribunales de Distrito); Courts of First Instance (Tribunales de Primera Instancia); Parish Courts (Tribunales de Parroquia); Justices of the Peace (Justicia de Paz) Network, A New Era (Un Nuevo Tiempo) or UNT [Omar Enrique BARBOZA Gutierrez]Brave People's Alliance or ABP [Antonio LEDEZMA]Cambiemos Movimiento Ciudadano or CMC [Timoteo ZAMBRANO]Christian Democrats or COPEI [Juan Carlos ALVARADO Prato, Roberto ENRIQUEZ]Citizens Encounter or EC [Delsa SOLORZANO]Clear Accounts or CC [Enzo SCARANO]Coalition of parties loyal to Nicolas MADURO - Great Patriotic Pole or GPP [Nicolas MADURO]Coalition of opposition parties - Democratic Alliance (Alianza Democratica) (includes AD, EL CAMBIO, COPEI, CMC, and AP)Come Venezuela (Vente Venezuela) or VV [Maria Corina MACHADO]Communist Party of Venezuela or PCV [Oscar FIGUERA]Consenso en la Zona or Conenzo [Enzo SCARANO and Leon JURADO]Convergencia [Juan Jose CALDERA]Democratic Action or AD [Jose Bernabe GUTIERREZ Parra]Fatherland for All (Patria para Todos) or PPT [Ilenia MEDINA] Fuerza Vecinal or FV [leaders include mayors Gustavo DUQUE, Darwin GONZALEZ, Elias SAYEGH, Manuel FERREIRA, Josy FERNANDEZ, and Morel David RODRIGUEZ]; note - national spokesman David UZCATEGUIHope for Change (Esperanza por el Cambio) or EL CAMBIO [Javier Alejandro BERTUCCI Carrero]Justice First (Primero Justicia) or PJ [Tomas GUANIPA]LAPIZ [Antonio Domingo ECARRI Angola]Movement to Socialism (Movimiento al Socialismo) or MAS [Segundo MELENDEZ] Popular Will (Voluntad Popular) or VP [Leopoldo LOPEZ]Progressive Advance (Avanzada Progresista) or AP [Henri FALCON]The Radical Cause or La Causa R [Andres VELAZQUEZ]United Socialist Party of Venezuela or PSUV [Nicolas MADURO]Venezuela First (Primero Venezuela) or PV [Luis PARRA] Venezuelan Progressive Movement or MPV [Simon CALZADILLA]Venezuela Project or PV [Carlos BERRIZBEITIA]We Are Venezuela (Somos Venezuela) or MSV [Delcy RODRIGUEZ and Vanessa MONTERO], Caricom (observer), CD, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, Petrocaribe, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Carlos Alfredo VECCHIO (since 8 April 2019)chancery: 1099 30th Street NW, Washington, DC 20007telephone: [1] (202) 342-2214FAX: [1] (202) 342-6820email address and website: despacho.embveus@mppre.gob.ve, chief of mission: James Jimmy STORY, Ambassador for the Venezuela Affairs Unit (since November 2020); note - on 11 March 2019, the Department of State announced the temporary suspension of operations of the US Embassy in Caracas and the withdrawal of diplomatic personnel; the Venezuela Affairs Unit is located at the United States Embassy in Bogota, Colombiaembassy: Venezuela Affairs Unit, Carrera 45 N. 24B-27, Bogotapreviously - F St. and Suapure St.; Urb. Venezuela Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI T he latitude and longitude of Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela is 10 30'N and 66 56' W. The climate of Venezuela is mainly tropical with hot and humid conditions but moderate towards the highlands. The climate of Venezuela falls under the tropical zone below 800 meters, where the average temperature remains between 26 and 28 C. ), sugar cane, maize, milk, rice, plantains, bananas, pineapples, potatoes, beef, poultry, agricultural products, livestock, raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, construction materials, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, iron and steel products, crude oil and petroleum products, agriculture: 7.3%industry: 21.8%services: 70.9% (4th quarter, 2011 est. Many places will also become uninhabitable. Available in English, German and Spanish versions, the WTG provides detailed and accurate travel content designed to inspire global travellers. (approximately $9.3 billion), information varies; approximately 125-150,000 active personnel, including about 25-30,000 National Guard; approximately 200-225,000 Bolivarian Militia; approximately 45,000 National Police (2022)note: in December 2022, President Nicolas MADURO announced that the National Police would be increased to 100,000 in 2024, the FANB inventory is mainly of Chinese and Russian origin with a smaller mix of equipment from Western countries, including the US; in recent years, Russia has been the top supplier of military hardware to Venezuela (2022), 18-30 (25 for women) for voluntary service; the minimum service obligation is 24-30 months; all citizens of military service age (18-50) are obligated to register for military service and subject to military training, although forcible recruitment is forbidden (2022)note: as of 2017, women made up more than 20% of the active duty military, between 2013 and 2017, Venezuela established at least a dozen military-led firms in a variety of economic sectors, such as agriculture, banking, construction, insurance, the media, mining, oil, and tourism; as of 2020, military officers reportedly led at least 60 state-owned companies; as of 2019, 9 of 32 government ministries were controlled by the military, including the ministries of agriculture and energyas of 2023, members of the terrorist organizations National Liberation Army (ELN) and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia dissidents (FARC-People's Army and Segundo Marquetalia - see Appendix T) operated in Venezuela, mostly in the states of Amazonas, Apure, Bolivar, Guarico, Tachira, and Zulia; the ELN was assessed to be present in 12 of Venezuelas 23 states; the groups were particularly active in Apure state; the Venezuelan military has been deployed to the border region to patrol border crossings and has clashed with both the ELN and the FARC dissident groups (2023), The International Maritime Bureau continues to report the territorial and offshore waters in the Caribbean Sea as at risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; numerous vessels, including commercial shipping and pleasure craft, have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; crews have been robbed and stores or cargoes stolen; in 2021, no attacks were reported, National Liberation Army (ELN); Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia-People's Army (FARC-EP); Segundo Marquetalianote: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Venezuela-Colombia: dispute with Colombia over maritime boundary and Venezuelan administered Los Monjes Islands near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian-organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities penetrate Venezuela's shared border region; the border between the two countries was closed from March 2020 to October 2021 due to COVID, but goods and people fleeing poverty and violence continued to be smuggled from Venezuela into Colombia, and illegal narcotics and armed men flowed into Venezuela from Colombia; since the FARC disarmed in 2016, some former members have formed armed dissident groups that operate along the border, Venezuela-Guyana: claims all of the area west of the Essequibo River in Guyana, preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; in 2018, Guyana initiated proceedings against Venezuela with the International Court of Justice (ICJ); Venezuela requested a direct dialogue to settle the dispute; the ICJ ruled that it had jurisdiction to hear the case in December 2020; in September 2021, Venezuelan officials issued a statement reasserting dominion over three-quarters of Guyana, which Guyana stated was a threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity, Venezuela-various: Venezuela claims Aves Island and thereby an economic exclusion Zone/continental shelf extending over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea; Venezuelas claim to Aves Island is disputed by Dominica and several other countries because the island has rich guano deposits useful in producing fertilizer and gunpowder, as well as large fish stocks and natural gas reserves; contraband smuggling (narcotics and arms), illegal migration, trafficking in animals, plants, lumber, illegal exploitation of mineral resources, refugees (country of origin): 39,185 (Colombia) (mid-year 2022)note:As of September 2022, host governments report more than 7.1 million Venezuelan refugees and migrants worldwide, tier rating: Tier 3 Venezuela does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government created a specialized prosecutors office to oversee trafficking investigations and prosecutions; authorities began legal proceedings against three complicit officials in a notable case; however, the government did not assist any victims or investigate, prosecute, or convict any traffickers; little effort was made to curb the forced recruitment of Venezuelan children by Colombian armed groups operating illegally in Venezuela; authorities made little effort to screen Cuban medical professionals for trafficking indicators as the Cuban Government may have forced them to work by withholding their documentation, and coercing them to falsify medical records (2020)trafficking profile: Venezuela is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor; Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked within the country for sexual exploitation, lured from the nation's interior to urban and tourist areas; women from Colombia, Peru, Haiti, China, and South Africa are also reported to have been sexually exploited in Venezuela; some Venezuelan women are transported to Caribbean islands, particularly Aruba, Curacao, and Trinidad & Tobago, where they are subjected to forced prostitution; some Venezuelan children are forced to beg on the streets or work as domestic servants, while Ecuadorian children, often from indigenous communities, are subjected to forced labor; the government provided support to FARC dissidents and the ELN, which grew through the recruitment of child soldiers and exploitation of children in sex trafficking and forced labor; Illegal armed groups lure children in vulnerable conditions and dire economic circumstances with gifts and promises of basic sustenance to later recruit them into their ranks, a major drug transit country and trafficking route in the Western Hemisphere largely destined for the Caribbean, Central America, the United States, West Africa, and Europe for illegal drugs, predominately cocaine; government officials reportedly complicit with illegal armed narcotrafficking groups; little international drug control cooperation; significant narcotics-related money-laundering activity, increasing signs of drug-related activities by Colombian insurgents on border, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, 2017 anti-government protests to bolster internal security; it has been accused of multiple human rights abuses, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI).
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